直径生长潜力模型的研究

文章运用理查德生长曲线构成的遵守加法组合和乘法组合的非线性模型，对日本落叶松等3个树种进行了立地质量评价的尝试。结果表明，在森林立地质量评价的诸多方法之中，直径生长潜力仍然不失为一种应用简便和行之有效的方法。     

Potential long-term growth gains from early clump thinning of coppice-regenerated oak stands

A study was established in the Missouri Ozarks to evaluate coppice regeneration of oak. Five years after a 32-year-old stand was clearcut and regenerated naturally through stump sprouts, the dominant sprout on each stump was identified based upon height. Treated plots were thinned to the single dominant sprout on each stump whereas control plots were not thinned. Twenty-five years later the largest 247, 371, 494, and 618 stems per ha were examined and height of the dominant sprout at age 5 was found to be strongly related to dbh at age 30 in both thinned and unthinned plots. However, in the thinned plots, the largest 494 stems per ha were on average 11%, 28%, and 58% greater, respectively, in height, dbh, and volume compared to similar dominant sprouts in unthinned plots. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop curves for the evaluation of potential gains from clump thinning. In this analysis, the average height of a stand at age 5 was used to estimate thinning gains at age 30.     

滇中地区引种牡丹的生态分析

通过比较中原牡丹品种、甘肃紫斑牡丹品种和丽江牡丹品种在引种地的枝条实存率、成花率、休眠芽萌动情况等生长发育表现 ,结合滇中气候特点和各品系的生态习性及生长发育情况分析 ,确认在本地区具有的引种生态潜力。建议在滇中地区引种丽江紫、脂红等牡丹品种较适宜。     

Effect of CCC and daminozide on growth of silver birch container seedlings during three years after spraying

Applications of growth retardants, daminozide and CCC (chlormequatchloride), were studied in order to determine their effects on morphology and post-planting growth of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) container seedlings. Daminozide was sprayed once (on 28 June at concentrations of 1.0 – 6.0 g l^–1) and CCC was sprayed twice (on 29 June and 27 July at concentrations of 0.5–3.0 gl^–1). Height growth, morphology of seedlings at the end of the growing season, the shoot and root growth potential the following spring and field performance during the following seasons were measured. During the first summer in the nursery, both daminozide and CCC retarded height growth,but daminozide was more effective. The effects of compounds on stem diameter during the summer of application were small. Neither of the compounds affected the field performance of seedlings. The most suitable applications for retardation of height growth, without negative effects on other morphological variables, were 4 g l^–1 (32 mg per seedling) for daminozide and 2 g l^–1 (16 mg per seedling), sprayed in two applications, for CCC.     

The variation of tree-ring widths of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) affected by air pollution

Using eight populations of Scots pine growing in foothills of the Sudetes (southern Poland) as an example, the character and causes of annual ring variation in 1900–1999 were studied. The climate had a short-term effect on radial growth during the whole period investigated. A long-term decrease of radial growth occurred after 1960, but only in some localities. It was probably caused by non-climatic factors, most likely by industrial pollution. The decline of trees during that period is mainly evidenced by a high variation of width of annual rings, a small similarity of chronologies of annual ring widths, and a lack of signal years. After 1990, the tree recovery process was evident. It was most intensive in localities where the earlier stress was the most severe. Then, trees started to produce wide annual rings, homogeneity of the growth reaction increased, and the signal years began to occur.     

太行山北部中山幼林地土壤水分的研究

以太行山北部山西五台山中山地区幼林地土壤为研究对象，在阳坡、阴坡和半阳坡三种代表性立地上，从土壤水势、水容量等持水特性和土壤水分季节变化角度，并结合树木抗旱性和生长，研究了该地区土壤水分供应状况及其与造林成活和幼林生长的关系。研究表明，土壤有效水范围为－０．３－－２０ｂａｒ，正常生长水在－０．３－－３ｂａｒ，轻胁迫水－３－－１０ｂａｒ，中胁迫水为－１０－－２０ｂａｒ；土壤持水特性和有效水范围以阳坡最小，半阳坡最大；土壤自然含水率和有效水含量随降水而呈明显的季节变化特征，阴坡全年土壤含水率高，有效水充足，造林成活率高，幼林生长快，半阳坡和阳坡土壤含水率低，有效水较少，林木易于受旱，需选择抗旱树种，采取抗旱造林措施；整地可明显改善土壤水分状况，是抗旱造林和促进幼林生长的良好措施。     

几种作用因子对多年生黑麦草组织培养影响的研究

以多年生黑麦草成熟种子为外植体进行了愈伤组织诱导和分化的研究。结果表明:dicamba替代2,4 D,蔗糖替代麦芽糖可以显著提高愈伤组织诱导率和植株再生率;在一定的浓度范围内(3～9mg·L-12,4 D)2,4 D浓度的升高可明显提高愈伤组织的诱导率,但同时却降低了分化率;在愈伤诱导培养基中同时使用两种生长激素(2,4 D和NAA)的效果要好于单独使用一种生长激素(2,4 D)的效果;水解酪蛋白、脯氨酸和谷氨酰胺浓度的增加并没有促进植株再生率的升高。     

探测树势的电测技术--电容法

1994－1999年，对油松、侧柏、桧柏、白皮松、黑松、银杏等树种进行了树林电容测定。结果表明：树体电容参数不仅能准确地反映树木当时的生理状况，而且可将一个抽象的生长势概念变成一个具体数量，来进行数量比较与统计分析，在林业生产管理上有广泛的应用前景。     

华山松针叶中矿质元素含量的地理变异

以１２年生的种源林为取材对象，在１９９１年４月３０日、７月３０日、１０月３０日及１９９２年１月３０日同时采当年和１年生针叶，测定Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ和Ｍｇ浓度。结果表明，除Ｋ外，其它矿质元素浓度种源间存在极显著差异。地理变异呈纬向渐变型。极端温度与元素地理差异有密切关系，并构成主导自然选择压。元素浓度的季节动态与针叶生长节律循环相伴。南、北华山松已分化成两个营养能力显著不同的地理种群，但动态模式基本相似。     

Alley cropping and mulching withErythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O. F. Cook andGliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp.: effects on maize/weed competition

The potential of allye cropping systems to sustain a high productivity with low external inputs and the reduction of maize/weed competition through weed suppression in different alley cropping and sole-cropped mulched systems was studied in Costa Rica at CATIE. Data were recorded eight years after establishment of the experiment. Plant residues ofErythrina poeppigiana trees (10 t/ha dry matter) planted at 6 by 3 m reduced weed biomass by 52%, whileGliricidia sepium trees (12 t/ha dry matter) planted at 6 by 0.5 m reduced weed biomass by 28%, in comparison to controls.Erythrina had a considerable impact on grass weeds, whileGliricidia reduced the incidence of some dicot weeds. Weed competition significantly reduced maize yield in all systems. Nevertheless weed suppression contributed to the higher maize grain yield underErythrina andGliricidia alley cropping of 3.8 t per hectare as opposed to the unmulched control yield of 2.0 t per hectare.